The antiatherogenic potential of oat phenolic compounds

Liu, Liping; Zubik, Ligia; Collins, F.William; Marko, Melissa; Meydani, Mohsen

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.01.044

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Volume 175, Issue 1 , Pages 39-49, July 2004

The antiatherogenic potential of oat phenolic compounds

Liping Liu
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Ligia Zubik
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
F.William Collins
- Eastern Cereals and Oilseeds Research Center (ECORC), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Center Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1 A 0C6
Melissa Marko
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
Mohsen Meydani
- Vascular Biology Laboratory, JM USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-617-556-3126; fax: +1-617-556-3224.

Received 2 May 2003; received in revised form 19 December 2003; accepted 28 January 2004.

Abstract

Avenanthramides are phenolic antioxidants, which are present in oats. Avenanthramides A, B, and C are the major constituents of the total soluble antioxidant phenolic compounds in oats. We tested the potential antiatherogenic activity of partially purified avenanthramides from oats by examining their effects on adhesion of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) monolayers, expression of adhesion molecules, and production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines by HAEC. The oat avenanthramides mixture was prepared and partially purified by column chromatography. This avenanthramide-enriched mixture (AEM) had no toxicity to HAEC as tested up to 40ng/ml. The pre-incubation of HAEC with 4, 20, and 40ng/ml AEM for 24h significantly decreased adhesion of U937 monocytic cells to interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated HAEC in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-incubation of HAEC with AEM at 20 and 40μg/ml, but not at 4μg/ml, for 24h significantly suppressed IL-1β-stimulated expressions of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, chemokines IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1. These data provide evidence for the potential anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic effects of antioxidant avenanthramides present in oats.