Atherosclerosis
Volume 170, Issue 1 , Pages 13-19 , September 2003

A casein variant in cow's milk is atherogenic

Received 9 November 2002 ,Revised 25 February 2003 ,Accepted 31 March 2003.

References 

  1. Davies DT, Law AJR. The content and composition of creamery milks in south-west Scotland. J. Dairy Res. 1980;47:83–90
  2. Jenness R. Comparative aspects of milk proteins. J. Dairy Res. 1979;46:197–210
  3. Whitney RMCL, Brunner JR, Ebner KE, Farrell HM, Josephson RV, Morr CV, et al. Nomenclature of the protein of cow's milk: fourth revision. J. Dairy Sci. 1976;59:795–815
  4. Stewart AF, Bonsing J, Beattie CW, Shah F, Willis IM, Mackinlay AG. Complete nucleotide sequences of bovine αs2- and β-casein cDNAs: comparisons with related sequences in other species. Mol. Biol. Evol. 1987;4:231–241
  5. Formaggioni P, Summer A, Malacarne M, Mariani P. Milk protein polymorphism: detection and diffusion of the genetic variants in Bos genus, Vol. XIX. Università degli Studi di Parma, Annali della Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria, 1999.
  6. Li FH, Gaunt SN. A study of genetic polymorphisms of milk beta-lactoglobulin, alpha s1-casein, beta-casein and kappa-casein in five dairy breeds. Biochem. Genet. 1972;6:9–20
  7. Barroso A, Dunner S, Canon J. Technical note: use of PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis for detection of bovine β-casein variants A1, A2, A3 and B. J. Anim. Sci. 1999;77:2629–2632
  8. Pinder SJ, Perry BN, Skidmore CJ, Savva D. Analysis of polymorphism in the bovine casein genes by use of the polymerase chain reaction. Anim. Genet. 1991;22:11–20
  9. McLean DM, Graham ERB, Ponzoni RW, McKenzie HA. Effects of milk protein genetic variants on milk yield and composition. J. Dairy Sci. 1984;51:531–546
  10. Baev AA, Smirnov IK, Gorodetskii SI. Primary structure of bovine β-casein cDNA. Mol. Biol. (NY). 1987;21:214–222
  11. Ness AR, Davey Smith G, Hart C. Milk, coronary heart disease and mortality. J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health. 2001;55:379–382
  12. McLachlan CNS. β-Casein A1, ischaemic heart disease mortality and other illnesses. Med. Hypotheses. 2001;56:262–272
  13. Biss K, Ho K-J, Mikkelson BS, Lewis L, Taylor CB. Some unique biological characteristics of the Masai of East Africa. N. Engl. J. Med. 1971;28:694–699
  14. Shaper AG. Cardiovascular studies in the Samburu tribe of northern Kenya. Am. Heart J. 1962;63:437–442
  15. Aschaffenburg R, Sen A, Thompson MP. Genetic variants of casein in Indian and African Zebu cattle. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 1968;25:177–184
  16. Kratky RG, Ivey J, Rogers KA, Daley S, Roach MR. The distribution of fibro-fatty atherosclerotic lesions in the aortae of casein- and cholesterol-fed rabbits. Atherosclerosis. 1993;99:121–131
  17. Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Williams JK. Effects of soy isoflavones on atherosclerosis: potential mechanisms. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1998;68:1390S–1393S
  18. Ni W, Tsuda Y, Sakono M, Imaizumi K. Dietary soy protein isolate, compared with casein, reduces atherosclerotic lesion area in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J. Nutr. 1998;128:1884–1889
  19. Beynen AC, Van de Meer R, West CE. Mechanisms of casein-induced hypercholesterolemia: primary and secondary features. Atherosclerosis. 1986;60:291–293
  20. Park MS, Kudchodkar BJ, Leipa GU. Effects of dietary animal and plant proteins on cholesterol metabolism in immature and mature rats. J. Nutr. 1987;117:30–35
  21. Manderson JA, Mosse PRL, Safstrom JA, Young SB, Campbell GR. Balloon catheter injury to rabbit carotid artery. I. Changes in smooth muscle phenotype. Arteriosclerosis. 1989;9:289–298
  22. Walker LN, Reidy MA, Bowyer DE. Morphology and cell kinetics of fatty streak lesion formation in the hypercholesterolemic rabbit. Am. J. Pathol. 1986;125:450–459
  23. Wissler RW, Robertson AL, Cornhill JF, McGill HC, McMahan CA, Strong JP. Natural history of aortic and coronary atherosclerotic lesions in youth: findings from the PDAY study. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1993;13:1291–1298
  24. Katan MB, Vroomen LHM, Hermus RJJ. Reduction of casein-induced hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in rabbits and rats by dietary glycine, arginine and alanine. Atherosclerosis. 1982;43:381–391
  25. Jinsmaa Y, Yoshikawa M. Enzymatic release of neocasomorphin and β-casomorphin from bovine β-casein. Peptides. 1999;20:957–962
  26. Svedberg J, De Haas J, Leimenstoll KG, Paul F, Teschemacher H. Demonstration of β-casomorphin immunoreactive material in in vitro digests of bovine milk and in small intestine contents after bovine milk ingestion in adult humans. Peptides. 1985;6:825–830
  27. Meisel H. Chemical characterisation and opioid activity of an exorphin isolated from in vivo digests of casein. FEBS Lett. 1986;196:223–227
  28. Heinecke JW. Mass spectrometric quantification of amino acid oxidation products in proteins: insights into pathways that promote LDL oxidation in the human artery wall. FASEB J. 1999;13:1113–1120
  29. Torreilles J, Guerin M-C. Casein-derived peptides can promote human LDL oxidation by a peroxidase-dependent and metal-independent process. French CR Soc. Biol. 1995;189:933–942
  30. Poston RN, Haskard DO, Coucher JR, Gall NP, Johnson-Tidey RR. Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in atherosclerotic plaques. Am. J. Pathol. 1992;140:665–673
  31. Van der Wal AC, Das PK, Tigges AJ, Beccker AE. Adhesion molecules on the endothelium and mononuclear cells in human atherosclerotic lesions. Am. J. Pathol. 1992;141:1427–1433

PII: S0021-9150(03)00131-X

doi: 10.1016/S0021-9150(03)00131-X

Atherosclerosis
Volume 170, Issue 1 , Pages 13-19 , September 2003

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution