Atherosclerosis
Volume 194, Issue 1 , Pages 116-124 , September 2007

C-terminal apolipoprotein E-derived peptide, Ep1.B, displays anti-atherogenic activity

  • Leila Bocksch

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • ,
  • Beverly J. Rider

      Affiliations

    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • ,
  • Tracey Stephens

      Affiliations

    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • ,
  • Erbin Dai

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • ,
  • Liying Liu

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • ,
  • Hong Diao

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • ,
  • Kasinath Viswanathan

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • ,
  • Ganesh Munuswamy-Ramanujam

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vascular Biology Research Group, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
    • ,
  • Bhagirath Singh

      Affiliations

    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • Institute of Infection and Immunity, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, London, Ont., Canada
    • ,
  • Alexandra Lucas

      Affiliations

    • Vascular Biology Group, Robarts’ Research Institute, Canada
    • Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Canada
    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, London Health Sciences Center, University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada
    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vascular Biology Research Group, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Road, Box 100277, Gainesville, FL 32610-0277, USA. Tel.: +1 352 672 2301; fax: +1 352 846 0433.

Received 6 September 2005 ,Revised 5 September 2006 ,Accepted 6 October 2006.

References 

  1. Westerlund JA, Weisgraber KH. Discrete carboxyl-terminal segments of apolipoprotein E mediate lipoprotein association and protein oligomerization. J Biol Chem. 1993;268:15745–15750
  2. Ishibashi S, Herz J, Maeda N, Goldstein JL, Brown MS. The two-receptor model of lipoprotein clearance: tests of the hypothesis in “knockout” mice lacking the low density lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein E, or both proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1994;91:4431–4435
  3. Wilson C, Wardell MR, Weisgraber KH, Mahley RW, Agard DA. Three-dimensional structure of the LDL receptor-binding domain of human apolipoprotein E. Science. 1991;252:1817–1822
  4. Bocksch L, Stephens T, Lucas A, Singh B. Apolipoprotein E: possible therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. Curr Drug Targets: Card Haematol Dis. 2001;1:93–106
  5. Plump AS, Smith JD, Hayek T, et al. Severe hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice created by homologous recombination in ES cells. Cell. 1992;71:343–353
  6. Zhang SH, Reddick RL, Piedrahita JA, Maeda N. Spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and arterial lesions in mice lacking apolipoprotein E. Science. 1992;258:468–471
  7. Nakashima Y, Plump AS, Raines EW, Breslow J, Ross R. ApoE-deficient mice develop lesions of all phases of atherosclerosis throughout the arterial tree. Arterioscler Thromb. 1994;14:133–140
  8. Hoen PAC, Christian AC, der Lans V, et al. Aorta of apoE-deficient mice responds to atherogenic stimuli by a prelesional increase and subsequent decrease in the expression of antioxidant enzymes. Circ Res. 2003;93:262–269
  9. Zhu B, Kuhel DG, Witte DP, Hui DY. Apolipoprotein E inhibits neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury in mice. Am J Pathol. 2000;157:1839–1848
  10. Bellosta S, Mahley RW, Sanan DA, et al. Macrophage-specific expression of human apolipoprotein E reduces atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E-null mice. J Clin Invest. 1995;96:2170–2179
  11. Wientgen H, Thorngate FE, Omerhodzic S, et al. Subphysiologic apolipoprotein E (apoE) plasma levels inhibit neointimal formation after arterial injury in apoE-deficient mice. Atheroscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;2:1–6
  12. Yamada N, Inoue I, Kawamura M, et al. Apolipoprotein E prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. J Clin Invest. 1992;89:706–711
  13. Mahley RW. Apolipoprotein E: cholesterol transport protein with expanding role in cell biology. Science. 1988;240:622–630
  14. Dyer CA, Smith RS, Curtiss LK. Only multimers of a synthetic peptide of human apolipoprotein E are biologically active. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:15009–15015
  15. Cardin AD, Bowlin TL, Krstenansky JL. Inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation by synthetic peptides homologous to human plasma apolipoproteins B and E. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1988;154:741–745
  16. Swertfeger DK, Hui DY. Apolipoprotein E receptor binding versus heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding in its regulation of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:25043–25048
  17. Riddell DR, Graham A, Owen JS. Apolipoprotein E inhibits platelet aggregation through the l-arginine: nitric oxide pathway. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:89–95
  18. Klezovitch O, Formato M, Cherchi GM, Weisgraber KH, Scanu AM. Structural determinants in the C-terminal domain of apolipoprotein E mediating binding to the protein core of human aortic biglycan. J Biol Chem. 2000;275:18913–18918
  19. Forstner M, Peters-Libeu C, Contreras-Forrest E, et al. Carboxyl-terminal domain of human apolipoprotein E: expression, purification, and crystallization. Protein Expr Purif. 1999;17:267–272
  20. Robertson A-KL, Rudling M, Zhou X, et al. Disruption of TGF-β signaling in T cells accelerates atherosclerosis. J Clin Invest. 2003;112:1342–1350
  21. Murphy N, Bruckdorfer R, Grimsditch DC, et al. Temporal relationships between circulating levels of CC and CXC chemokines and developing atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E*3 Leiden mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:1615–1620
  22. Lutgens E, Gorelik L, Daemen MJ, et al. Requirements for CD154 in the progression of atherosclerosis. Nat Med. 1999;5:1313–1316
  23. Hollestelle SCG, de Vries MR, van Keulen JK, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 is involved in outward artery remodeling. Circulation. 2004;109:393–398
  24. Meir KS, Leitersdorf E. Atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse—a decade of progress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004;24:1006–1014
  25. Rider BJ, Fraga E, Yu Q, Singh B. Immune responses to self peptides naturally presented by murine class II major histocompatibility complex molecules. Mol Immunol. 1996;33:625–633
  26. Nelson CA, Petzoid SJ, Unanue ER. Peptides determine the lifespan of MHC II molecules in the antigen-presenting cell. Nature. 1994;371:250–252
  27. Dai E, Guan H, Liu L, et al. Serp-1, a viral anti-inflammatory Serpin, regulates cellular serine proteinase and Serpin responses to vascular injury. J Biol Chem. 2003;278:18563–18572
  28. Proudfoot AEI, Handell TM, Johnson Z, et al. Glycosaminoglycan binding and oligomerization are essential for the in vivo activity of certain chemokines. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2003;100:1885–1890
  29. Wetterau JR, Aggerbeck LP, Rall SC, Weisgraber KH. Human apolipoprotein E3 in aqueous solution. I. Evidence for two structural domains. J Biol Chem. 1988;263:6240–6248
  30. Aggerbeck LP, Wetterau JR, Weisgraber KH, Wu CS, Lindgren FT. Human apolipoprotein E3 in aqueous solution. II. Properties of the amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains. J Biol Chem. 1988;263:6249–6258
  31. Dong LM, Wilson C, Wardell MR, et al. Human apolipoprotein E. Role of arginine 61 in mediating the lipoprotein preferences of the E3 and E4 isoforms. J Biol Chem. 1994;269:22358–22365
  32. Llodra J, Angeli V, Liu J, et al. Emigration of monocyte-derived cells from atherosclerotic lesions characterizes regressive, but not progressive, plaques. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2004;101:11779–11784
  33. Summers KL, Annette AM, Stephens TA, Mahon JL, Singh B. Dendritic cells and Immune regulation in the pathogenesis and prevention of Type 1 diabetes. Can J Diabetes. 2004;28:20–29

PII: S0021-9150(06)00609-5

doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.10.014

Atherosclerosis
Volume 194, Issue 1 , Pages 116-124 , September 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution