Atherosclerosis
Volume 211, Issue 1 , Pages 255-259 , July 2010

Heart rate as an independent prognostic risk factor in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Received 14 December 2009 ,Revised 13 February 2010 ,Accepted 15 February 2010.

References 

  1. Levine HJ. Rest heart rate and life expectancy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;30:1104–1106
  2. Fox K, Borer JS, Camm AJ, et al. Resting heart rate in cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:823–830
  3. Diaz A, Bourassa MG, Guertin MC, Tardif JC. Long-term prognostic value of resting heart rate in patients with suspected or proven coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:967–974[Eur Heart J 2005 Mar 17]
  4. Fox K, Ford I, Steg G, et al. Heart rate as a prognostic risk factor in patients with coronary artery disease and left-ventricular systolic dysfunction (BEAUTIFUL): a subgroup analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:817–821
  5. Fox K, Ford I, Steg G, et al. Ivabradine for patients with stable coronary artery disease and left-ventricular systolic dysfunction (BEAUTIFUL): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:807–816
  6. Zuanetti G, Mantini L, Hernández-Bernal F, et al. Relevance of heart rate as a prognostic factor in patients with acute myocardial infarction: insights from the GISSI-2 study. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:19–26
  7. Benetos A, Rudnichi A, Thomas F, et al. Influence of heart rate on mortality in a French population: role of age, gender, and blood pressure. Hypertension. 1999;33:44–52
  8. Rentrop KP, Cohen M, Blanke H, Phillips RA. Changes in collateral channel filling immediately after controlled coronary artery occlusion by an angioplasty balloon in human subjects. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985;5:587–592
  9. Parodi G, Valenti R, Carrabba N, et al. Long-term prognostic implications of non-optimal primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. Cath Cardiovasc Interv. 2006;68:50–55
  10. Parodi G, Memisha G, Carrabba N, et al. Prevalence, predictors, time course and long-term clinical implications of left ventricular functional recovery after mechanical reperfusion for acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2007;100:1718–1722
  11. Sciagrà R, Parodi G, Migliorini A, et al. ST-segment analysis to predict infarct size and functional outcome in acute myocardial infarction treated with primary coronary intervention and adjunctive abciximab therapy. Am J Cardiol. 2006;97:48–54
  12. D’Agostino RB. Propensity scores in cardiovascular research. Circulation. 2007;115:2340–2343
  13. Perski A, Olsson G, Landou C, et al. Minimum heart rate and coronary atherosclerosis: independent relations to global severity and rate of progression of angiographic lesions in men with myocardial infarction at a young age. Am Heart J. 1992;123:609–616
  14. Heidland UE, Strauer BE. Left ventricular muscle mass and elevated heart rate are associated with coronary plaque disruption. Circulation. 2001;104:1477–1482
  15. Wiviott SD, Morrow DA, Frederick PD, et al. Performance of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction risk index in the national registry of myocardial infarction-3 and -4. A simple index that predict mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44:783–789
  16. Gale CP, Manda SOM, Weston CF, et al. Evaluation of risk scores for risk stratification of acute coronary syndromes in the myocardial infarction national audit project (MINAP) database. Heart. 2009;95:221–227
  17. Parodi G, Memisha G, Valenti R, et al. Five-year outcome after primary coronary intervention for acute ST elevation myocardial infarction: results from a single centre experience. Heart. 2005;91:1541–1544
  18. Sambuceti G, Marzilli M, Marraccini P, et al. Coronary vasoconstriction during myocardial ischemia induced by rises in metabolic demand in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1997;95:2652–2659
  19. Festa A, D’Agostino R, Hales CN, et al. Heart rate in relation to insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in nondiabetic subjects. Diabetes Care. 2000;23:624–628
  20. Grynberg A, Ziegler D, Rupp H. Sympathoadrenergic overactivity and lipid metabolism. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1996;10:223–230
  21. COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) Collaborative Group . Early intravenous then oral metoprolol in 45852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;366:1622–1632
  22. Canadian Cardiovascular Society, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Cardiology, et al., 2007. Focused update of the ACC/AHA 2004 guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;51:210–47.
  23. Cucherat M. Quantitative relationship between resting heart rate reduction and magnitude of clinical benefits in post-myocardial infarction: a meta-regression of randomized clinical trials. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:3012–3019

PII: S0021-9150(10)00158-9

doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.02.017

Atherosclerosis
Volume 211, Issue 1 , Pages 255-259 , July 2010