Endothelial-derived nitric oxide preserves anticoagulant heparan sulfate expression in cultured porcine aortic endothelial cells

Abstract 

Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to inhibit platelet adhesion and aggregation, but there are no reports on its interaction with the coagulation system. We investigated the effect of the l-arginine analogues, N-nitro-l-arginine (lNA), N^G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), and N^G-monomethyl-l arginine (l-NMMA), competitive inhibitors of NO production, on endothelial-surface heparan sulfate. Addition of lNA to porcine aortic endothelial cells reduced ¹²⁵I-labeled antithrombin III binding to the cell surface heparan sulfate in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Significant inhibition was observed with 1 mM lNA, and the maximal suppression (−50% of control) occurred at 10 mM lNA after 12 h. l-NAME (1 mM) and l-NMMA (1 mM) also significantly inhibited the antithrombin III binding. The iron chelator desferrioxamine significantly prevented the reduction of antithrombin III binding to lNA-treated cells. We further investigated the effect of l-NAME on intracellular oxidative stress of endothelial cells using a hydroperoxide-sensitive fluorochrome, carboxy-dichloro-dihydrofluorescein diacetate bisacetoxymethyl ester probe, and revealed that inhibition of NO synthesis by l-NAME led to a marked increase in intracellular oxidative stress. These results demonstrated that the prolonged inhibition of NO synthesis in porcine aortic endothelial cells decreases the expression of anticoagulant heparan sulfate on endothelial cells through the increase in intracellular oxidative stress, perhaps comprising another mechanism by which NO affects the coagulation system in the vasculature.

Keywords:  Thrombosis, Antithrombin III, Proteoglycan, EDRF, Oxidative stress