This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
Abstract
The influence of copper deficiency on both 3H incorporation into plasma and liver lipids following [3H]mevalonate injection, and the excretion of biliary steroids from cannulated bile
ducts was examined in the rat in two separate experiments. Copper-deficient rats exhibited
a significant hypercholesterolemia (129% increase, P < 0.001) at 181 days. Four hours after [3H]mevalonate injection, 3H incorporation into plasma free and esterified cholesterol was elevated 162% (P < 0.005) and 80% (P < 0.025), respectively, and 3H incorporation into liver total lipids and cholesterol esters was depressed 18% (P < 0.04) and 43% (P < 0.005, respectively, in copper-deficient rats. Hepatic copper concentration of
deficient rats showed a significant negative correlation with 3H incorporation into plasma cholesterol (r= −0.83, P < 0.02) and cholesterol ester (r = −0.70, P < 0.08). Total hepatic cholesterol remained unchanged by deficiency despite the significant
increase in total plasma cholesterol burden of copper deficient rats (82%, P < 0.001). Copper deficiency failed to impair biliary steroid excretion. The 56% (P < 0.001) increase in bile acid excretion in the first 8 hours was paralleled by the
62% (P < 0.005) increase in plasma cholesterol concentration of deficient rats.
The observations suggest a more rapid synthesis and clearance of cholesterol to the
plasma pool, with this cholesterol being unavailable for excretion as biliary steroids,
in copper-deficient rats.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to AtherosclerosisAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Familial hyperlipoproteinemia.in: Stanbury J.B. Wyngaarden J.B. Fredrickson D.S. The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease. 3rd edition. McGraw-Hill, New York, NY1972: 545-614
- Risk factors in coronary heart disease.Ann. Intern. Med. 1964; 61: 888
Anon., Vital Statistics of the United States 1967, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Washington, D.C., Vol. 2, Part A, Tables 1–7.
- The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.New Engl. J. Med. 1976; 295: 369
- The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.New Engl. J. Med. 1976; 295: 420
- Hypercholesterolemia in rats caused by copper deficiency.J. Nutr. 1976; 106: xxii
- Cholesterol metabolism in copper-deficient rats.Nutr. Rep. Int. 1977; 15: 597
- Cholesterolemia and cardiovascular abnormalities in rats caused by copper deficiency.Atherosclerosis. 1978; 29: 81
- Coronary heart disease — The zinc/copper hypothesis.Amer. J. Clin. Nutr. 1975; 28: 764
- Iron in nutrition, Part 7 (Copper as a supplement to iron for hemoglobin building in the rat).J. Biol. Chem. 1928; 77: 797
- The cross linking of collagen and elastin — Enzymatic conversion of lysine in peptide linkage to α-aminoadipic-σ-semialdehyde (allysine) by an extract from bone.in: 3rd edition. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (U.S.A.). 61. 1968: 708
- Iron- and copper-containing monooxygenases.in: 3rd edition. The Enzymes. Vol. 12. Academic Press, New York, NY1975: 296
- Effect of dietary copper deficiency in the rat on fatty acid composition of adipose tissue and desaturase activity of liver microsomes.Brit. J. Nutr. 1975; 34: 105
- Cytochrome c oxidase.in: 3rd edition. The Enzymes. Vol. 13. Academic Press, New York, NY1976: 299
- Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals. 2nd edition. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC1972: 56 (Number 10)
- Nutrient Requirements of Domestic Animals. 2nd edition. Nutrient Requirements of Laboratory Animals. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC1972: 70 (Number 10)
- The zinc and copper content of seeds and nuts.Nutr. Rep. Int. 1977; 16: 227
- Quantitative analysis of serum lipids with thin-layer chromatography.Clin. Chim. Acts. 1966; 13: 235
- Estimation of total cholesterol in serum by a micro method.Clin. Chem. 1957; 3: 233
- Urea and inulin clearances in undisturbed unanesthetized rats.Amer. J. Physiol. 1965; 208: 578
- Endrin and dieldrin — A comparison of hepatic excretion in the rat.Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 1970; 16: 547
- Enzymatic determination of total cholesterol in serum.Z. Klin. Chem. Klin. Biochem. 1974; 12: 403
- The quantitative determination of bile salts in bile using thinlayer chromatography and 3a-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.Clin. Chim. Acta. 1969; 24: 253
- Statistical Methods.in: 5th edition. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA1956: 45
- Statistical Methods.in: 5th edition. Iowa State University Press, Ames, IA1956: 160
- Studies on the site of the feed-back control of cholesterol synthesis.J. Clin. Invest. 1960; 39: 642
- Studies of the in vivo metabolism of mevalonic acid in the normal rat.J. Clin. Invest. 1973; 52: 1303
- (Anon)Blood volumes.in: Altman P.L. Dittmer D.S. Respiration and Circulation. Committee on Biological Handbooks. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (FASEB), Bethesda, MD1971: 381
- Mechanism of bile acid synthesis.in: The Bile Acids. Vol. 2. Plenum Press, New York, NY1973: 1
- The electron transport mechanism associated with the 12α-hydroxylation of C27 steroids.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1968; 30: 516
- Copper deficiency and copper toxicity in the rat.Amer. J. Physiol. 1968; 215: 334
- Clinical implications of bile acid metabolism in man.in: The Bile Acids. Vol. 2. Plenum Press, New York, NY1973: 283
- Atherosclerosis — The low-density lipoprotein hypothesis.Metabolism. 1977; 26: 1257
- Receptor-mediated control of cholesterol metabolism.Science. 1976; 191: 150
- The removal of cholesterol from Landschütz ascites cells by high-density apolipoprotein.Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1973; 326: 232
- Decreased serum cholesterol-binding reserve in premature myocardial infarction.Lancet. 1975; 2: 1000
- Plasma-high-density-lipoprotein concentration and development of ischaemic heart-disease.Lancet. 1975; 1: 16
- The ratio of zinc to copper of diets in the United States.Nutr. Rep. Int. 1975; 11: 237
- The ratio of zinc to copper of cholesterol lowering diets.in: Hemphill D.D. Trace Substances in Environmental Health-IX. Missouri University Press, Colombia, MO1976: 131-138
- The copper content of regular, vegetarian and renal diets.in: Fed. Proc.36. 1977: 1122
- Daily intake of zinc and copper from self selected diets.in: Fed. Proc.36. 1977: 1175
- Daily intakes of manganese, copper, zinc and cadmium by New Zealand women.Brit. J. Nutr. 1977; 38: 55
- (Anon)Recommended Dietary Allowances. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC1974: 95-96
- Trace Elements in Human Nutrition.in: WHO Technical Report Series, No. 532. World Health Organization, Geneva1973: 15-19
- Regulation of cholesterol metabolism.New Engl. J. Med. 1970; 282: 1128
- Regulation of cholesterol metabolism.New Engl. J. Med. 1970; 282: 1179
- Regulation of cholesterol metabolism.New Engl. J. Med. 1970; 282: 1241
- The kinetic characteristics of inhibition of hepatic cholesterogenesis by lipoproteins of intestinal origin.J. Biol. Chem. 1975; 250: 4145
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
August 11,
1978
Received in revised form:
July 31,
1978
Received:
March 6,
1978
Identification
Copyright
© 1978 Published by Elsevier Inc.