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Abstract
Cynomolgus monkeys were fed an atherogenic diet for 6 months following surgically
produced high-grade (n = 10) or mild (n = 16) mid-thoracic aortic coarctation. A diet-control (DC) group (n = 13) was fed the diet without coarctation. High-grade coarctation (HGC) resulted
in 74.1% ± 8.3% stenosis by aortography prior to sacrifice and was associated with
systolic brachial blood pressures of 143.3 ± 26.0 mmHg and gradients across the stenoses
of 36.8 ± 23.6 mmHg. Mild coarctation (MC) resulted in stenoses of 50.9% ± 12.9%,
brachial systolic pressures of 119.4 ± 25.7 and gradients of 12.5 ± 15.2 mm Hg (P < 0.01, P = 0.03 and P < 0.005, respectively, compared with HGC). When total plaque cross-sectional area
exceeded 0.8 mmz, the entire arterial circumference was usually involved. HGC resulted
in complete sparing or minimal plaque formation in sections distal to the stenoses
compared with proximal sections (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between MC and DC animals in plaque
location or size. Matrix content increased with plaque area regardless of degree of
stenosis or sampling level (P < 0.01), but lesions with more than 75% matrix content were more numerous in distal
than in proximal sections despite their smaller size. The number of plaques with greater
than 75% matrix content was increased proximal to HGC (P < 0.04). Thus, distal location and plaque size were independent determinants of plaque
matrix content and matrix content was increased proximal to HGC regardless of plaque
size. Attempts to evaluate effects of various regimens and interventions on plaque
composition need to take location and plaque size, as well as blood pressure differences,
into account.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
March 30,
1993
Received in revised form:
January 15,
1993
Received:
August 31,
1992
Identification
Copyright
© 1993 Published by Elsevier Inc.