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Abstract
Total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density
lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I),
apolipoprotein B (apo B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were analysed in 879 14- and
17-year-old healthy adolescents (477 boys and 402 girls), and related to family history
of cardiovascular disease, early feeding, weight and length at birth, and physical
growth during infancy and childhood. Mean TC was significantly higher in girls than
in boys (4.4 and 4.2 mmol/1, respectively, both age-groups together). High TC values
(> 5.2 mmol/1) were more prevalent in girls than in boys: 14% and 17% compared to
6% and 12% in 14- and 17-year-old girls and boys, respectively. Mean TC and LDL-C
values were lower during mid-puberty in both boys and girls while, in boys but not
in girls, mean HDL-C values decreased and TG values increased successively with increasing
pubertal stage. Girls who were taking oral contraceptives had higher mean values of
TC (4.91/4.39 mmol/l), TG (1.32/0.83 mmol/l), and apo B (0.89/0.73 g/l). Boys with
a family history of early deaths (< 55 years) from myocardial infarction and girls
with a family history of cerebral haemorrhage/thrombosis in fathers had higher mean
values of TC (4.55/4.17 and 5.03/4.40 mmol/l, for boys and girls, respectively), LDL-C
(2.84/2.47 and 3.08/2.56mmol/l), and apo B (0.73/0.70 and 0.86/0.73 g/l). Adolescents
with short duration of breast feeding (< 6 months), or early introduction of infant
formula, had higher mean values of TC (4.29/4.14 mmol/l) and apo B (0.72/0.68 g/l).
There were no significant correlations between serum lipid values and body weight
or length at birth, but adolescents with high LDL-C (upper quartile) seemed to have
lower attained heights during infancy and childhood. In conclusion, this study shows
that serum lipids in adolescence are primarily related to age and sex but also to
early determinants like family history of cardiovascular diseases, infant feeding,
and early physical growth.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
February 23,
1995
Received in revised form:
December 21,
1994
Received:
July 13,
1994
Identification
Copyright
© 1995 Published by Elsevier Inc.
