Abstract
Background
Low serum magnesium (Mg++) levels are associated with future development of left ventricular hypertrophy independently
of common cardiovascular risk factors, as recently demonstrated in the five-year follow-up
of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP). As left ventricular hypertrophy
has significant prognostic implications, we hypothesized that serum Mg++ levels are associated with cardiovascular mortality.
Method and results
All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality were analyzed in relationship to
serum Mg++ concentrations at baseline by Cox proportional hazard model in SHIP (n = 4203, exclusion of subjects with Mg++ supplementation). The median duration of mortality follow-up was 10.1 years (25th
percentile: 9.4 years, 75th percentile: 10.8 years; 38,075 person-years).
During the follow-up, 417 deaths occurred. Mortality in subjects with Mg++ ≤ 0.73 mmol/l was significantly higher for all-cause deaths (10.95 death per 1000 person
years), and cardiovascular deaths (3.44 deaths per 1000 person years) in comparison
to higher Mg++ concentrations (1.45 deaths from all-cause per 1000 person years, 1.53 deaths from
cardiovascular cause per 1000 person years). This association remained statistically
significant after adjustment for multiple cardiovascular risk factors, including arterial
hypertension, and antihypertensive therapy including diuretics (log-rank-test p = 0.0001 for all-cause mortality, and p = 0.0174 for cardiovascular mortality).
Conclusions
Low serum Mg++ levels are associated with higher all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality.
This corresponds well with recent findings that hypomagnesemia is associated with
the increase of left ventricular mass over the following years.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 23, 2011
Accepted:
May 31,
2011
Received in revised form:
May 30,
2011
Received:
March 18,
2011
Identification
Copyright
© 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
