Abstract
Early stages of atherosclerosis are commonly noted in youth. The present study was
designed to examine the effects of lifestyle modification in 19 overweight children
(age 8–17) who were placed on a high-fiber, low-fat diet in a 2-week residential program
where food was provided ad libitum and daily exercise (2–2.5 h) was performed. In each subject, pre- and post-intervention fasting blood was drawn
to measure serum lipids, oxidative stress marker 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) and generating enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO), soluble intracellular adhesion molecule
(sICAM)-1 and sE-selectin as indicators of endothelial activation, the inflammatory
protein C-reactive protein (CRP) and total matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Using
subject sera and human aortic endothelial cell (HAEC) culture systems, monocyte chemotactic
protein-1 (MCP-1) production, as well as nitric oxide (NO), superoxide and hydrogen
peroxide production were measured in vitro by fluorometric detection. After 2 weeks,
significant reductions (p < 0.05) in all serum lipids (except HDL cholesterol), 8-iso-PGF2α, MPO, sICAM-1, sE-selectin, CRP, MMP-9, and cellular MCP-1 production were noted.
Additionally, there was a significant decrease in cultured, serum-stimulated HAEC
production of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, and a concomitant increase in NO production
(all p < 0.01), These results indicate amelioration of several traditional as well as novel
factors associated with atherosclerosis after lifestyle modification, even in youth
without documented disease.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 23, 2006
Accepted:
September 13,
2006
Received in revised form:
August 9,
2006
Received:
May 17,
2006
Identification
Copyright
© 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
