Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease associated with significant cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of AAA is poorly defined, making targeting
of new therapies problematic. Current evidence favours an interaction of multiple
environmental and genetic factors in the initiation and progression of AAA. Epigenetics
is the term used to define the properties of the genome that are not explained by
the primary sequence, but are due to the modifications of DNA and/or associated proteins.
Previous research indicates the association of gene specific promoter DNA hyper-methylation
and global DNA hypo-methylation with atherosclerosis. Evidence also suggests an important
role for epigenetic processes such as histone acetylation in cardiovascular diseases
including atherosclerosis and restenosis. Altered DNA methylation or histone acetylation
occur in inflammation, cellular proliferation and remodelling processes and therefore
maybe relevant to the pathology of AAA. Important risk factors for AAA, including
cigarette smoking, older age, male gender and hypertension, have been linked with
epigenetic effects and thus could act in this way to promote AAA. In this review,
we discuss the potential role of epigenetic mechanisms in AAA. Since epigenetic alterations
are to some extent reversible, further study of this area may identify new treatment
targets for AAA.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 29, 2010
Accepted:
February 4,
2010
Received in revised form:
January 29,
2010
Received:
December 2,
2009
Identification
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© 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
