Abstract
Rice-based diets may have been reported to protect against the development of atherosclerosis;
however, the underlying mechanism(s) for this protection remains unknown. In this
report, the mechanism(s) contributing to the atheroprotective effects of rice-based
diet was addressed using the apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE−/−) mice fed rice protein
isolate (RPI) or casein (CAS). Reduced atherosclerotic lesions were observed in aortic
sinus and enface analyses of the descending aorta in RPI-fed apoE−/− mice compared
with CAS-fed mice. Plasma total- and HDL-cholesterol levels were not different amongst
the two groups, suggesting alternative mechanism(s) could have contributed to the
atheroprotective effect of rice-based diets. Plasma oxLDL and anti-oxLDL IgG levels
were significantly decreased in RPI-fed compared to CAS-fed animals. Plasma and aortic
tissue GSH levels and GSH:GSSG ratio were higher in RPI-fed mice compared to CAS-fed
group. Interestingly, RPI feeding increased mRNA and protein expression of superoxide
dismutase, and mRNA expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione
reductase, key antioxidant enzymes implicated inhibiting oxidative stress leading
to atherosclerosis. In conclusion, these findings suggest that the reduction in atherosclerotic
lesions observed in mice fed the rice-based diet is mediated in part by inhibiting
oxidative stress and subsequent oxLDL generation that could result in reduced foam
cell formation, an early event during atherogenesis.
Abbreviations:
ApoE−/− (apolipoprotein E knockout), CAS (casein), LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized LDL binding protein-1), ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity), oxLDL (oxidized low-density lipoprotein), RPI (rice protein isolate)Keywords
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: June 08, 2010
Accepted:
May 13,
2010
Received in revised form:
April 30,
2010
Received:
July 21,
2009
Identification
Copyright
© 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
