Highlights
- •The first study to investigate the impact of parental stroke on IMT progression.
- •Parental stroke is positively related to the progression of carotid IMT.
- •IMT progression facilitated by parental stroke especially among young women.
Abstract
Background and purpose
Parental stroke is a risk factor for stroke among the offspring. Carotid artery intima-media
thickness (IMT) is a widely regarded surrogate marker for atherosclerosis and a predictive
marker for stroke. This study examines whether parental stroke is associated with
IMT progression.
Methods
This longitudinal study had two measures of IMT that were taken upon enrollment of
the 521 subjects and after an average follow-up of 4.1 years. The rate of IMT progression
was tested for associations with parental stroke and cardiovascular risk factors using
ANCOVA models. Age and sex were also tested as effect modifiers. The subjects were
allocated into the young or old group using the age of 55 years.
Results
Parental history of stroke was significantly associated with progression of common
carotid artery (CCA) IMT compared with no parental stroke history (13.52 vs. 10.43 μm/year,
adjusted p = 0.035). The parental effect on IMT progression of the bifurcation and internal
carotid artery was dependent on age group. Young subjects had faster progression,
whereas older subjects with parental stroke had slower progression. There was a three-way
interaction among sex, age, and parental stroke in CCA IMT progression, such that
young women with parental stroke had a 69.7% faster progression than young women without
parental stroke (15.58 vs. 9.18 μm/year). However, this difference was not found in
young men or old subjects with and without parental stroke.
Conclusions
Parental stroke is associated with carotid artery IMT progression and is more obvious
in the young, especially among women. The results emphasize the clinical significance
of parental stroke risk on atherosclerosis in young women.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 16, 2015
Accepted:
February 11,
2015
Received in revised form:
February 6,
2015
Received:
October 28,
2014
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
ScienceDirect
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- Importance of sex and gender in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseaseAtherosclerosisVol. 241Issue 1
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