Highlights
- •Large European study in patients with familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD).
- •Most FD patients have non HDL-cholesterol levels above treatment target.
- •Lipid-lowering medication is underused in FD patients.
- •High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and -disease in this population.
Abstract
Background
Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD), also known as type III hyperlipoproteinemia,
is a genetic dyslipidemia characterized by elevated very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
and chylomicron remnant particles that confers increased risk of cardiovascular disease
(CVD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of vascular risk
factors, CVD, lipid values, treatment and lipid targets in patients with FD across
Europe.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed in 305 patients with FD from seven academic
hospitals in four European countries. Information was collected from clinical records.
Results
Patients mean (± standard deviation) age was 60.9 ± 14.4 years, 201 (66%) were male,
69 (23%) had diabetes mellitus (DM) and 87 (29%) had a prior history of CVD. Mean
body mass index was 28.5 ± 5.0 kg/m2. Lipid-lowering medication was used by 227 (74%) patients (27% usual dose (theoretical
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction ≤40%) and 46% intensive dose
(theoretical LDL-C reduction >40%)). Non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C)
levels below treatment target (<3.3 mmol/L) were present in 123 (40%) patients and
163 patients (53%) had LDL-C levels below target (<2.5 mmol/L). No significant determinants
were found for having non-HDL-C levels below target, while a prior history of CVD
(OR 1.90, 95%CI 1.05–3.47) and presence of DM (OR 2.00, 95%CI 1.08–3.70) were associated
with having LDL-C levels below treatment target.
Conclusion
The majority of FD patients had non-HDL-C levels above the treatment target of 3.3 mmol/L.
Intensive dose lipid-lowering medication was used by only half of the patients, leaving
them at increased cardiovascular risk.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: February 28, 2015
Accepted:
February 23,
2015
Received in revised form:
January 28,
2015
Received:
November 18,
2014
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
