Highlights
- •Inflammation acts by different pathways to contribute to atherogenesis.
- •Clinical trials of novel anti-inflammatories suggested their potential utility for CAD.
- •IL-1β, Il-6, P-selectin, 5-LO and TNF-α are possible targets of therapy.
- •Immune cells, serpin, colchicine, methotrexate and HDL may reduce atherosclerosis.
Abstract
The underlying role of inflammation in atherosclerosis has been characterized. However,
current treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) predominantly consists of targeted
reductions in serum lipoprotein levels rather than combating the deleterious effects
of acute and chronic inflammation. Vascular inflammation acts by a number of different
molecular and cellular pathways to contribute to atherogenesis. Over the last decades,
both basic studies and clinical trials have provided evidence for the potential benefits
of treatment of inflammation in CAD. During this period, development of pharmacotherapies
directed towards inflammation in atherosclerosis has accelerated quickly. This review
will highlight specific therapies targeting interleukin-1β (IL-1β), P-selectin and
5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). It will also aim to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of
serpin administration, colchicine and intravenous HDL-directed treatment of CAD. We
summarize the mechanistic rationale and evidence for these novel anti-inflammatory
treatments at both the experimental and clinical levels.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 18, 2015
Accepted:
April 15,
2015
Received in revised form:
April 14,
2015
Received:
August 29,
2013
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
