Highlights
- •Arterial stiffness is recognized as an independent marker of cardiovascular disease.
- •The role of physical activity levels in arterial stiffness has been controversial.
- •Twelve studies using gold standard methods were included.
- •Higher time spent in physical activity was associated with lower arterial stiffness.
- •Higher time spent in sedentary behavior was associated with higher arterial stiffness.
Abstract
Background and aims
Increased arterial stiffness is linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease
and mortality. Studies have reported conflicting results regarding the relationship
between arterial stiffness and time spent in sedentary behavior (SB) and physical
activity (PA). The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess
the relationship between objectively measured light PA (LPA), moderate to vigorous
PA (MVPA), and SB with the gold standard measurement of arterial stiffness, carotid-femoral
pulse wave velocity (cfPWV).
Methods
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published until
November 2016. Studies reporting the correlation of objectively measured PA and SB
with cfPWV in human adults >18 years old were included in this analysis. Correlation
coefficients (CCs) were converted to Z scores via Fisher's z values for the analysis
of summary effects, using a random-effects model.
Results
Twelve studies were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis showed a
negative correlation between cfPWV and LPA (CC -0.16; 95% CI: −0.29 to −0.03; p=0.02) and MVPA (CC -0.16; 95% CI: −0.26 to −0.06; p<0.01), and a positive relationship between cfPWV and SB (CC 0.23; 95% CI: 0.12 to
0.35; p<0.01).
Conclusions
Time spent in light and moderate physical activities is associated with lower arterial
stiffness, while time spent in SB is related to higher arterial stiffness. It suggests
that PA at any intensity is favorable for arterial stiffness, whereas SB leads to
increased arterial stiffness. Considering that cfPWV has an independent prognostic
value, these associations may have important clinical implications.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 15, 2018
Accepted:
January 11,
2018
Received in revised form:
December 22,
2017
Received:
August 4,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
