Highlights
- •We examined the effects of magnesium supplementation on flow-mediated dilation and carotid intima media thickness.
- •Magnesium supplementation increased flow-mediated dilation in adult subjects.
- •Magnesium supplementation decreased carotid intima media thickness.
- •Mg dose, duration of treatment, healthy status, baseline CIMT and sample size were the potential sources of heterogeneity.
Abstract
Background and aims
Findings of past studies are inconsistent regarding the effects of magnesium (Mg)
supplementation on endothelial function (EF). We performed this meta-analysis to examine
the effects of magnesium supplementation on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid
intima media thickness (CIMT) as markers of EF.
Methods
Literature searches of English publications in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were conducted
up to November 2017. Results are reported as weighted mean difference (MD) with 95%
confidence intervals (CI) using random effects model (DerSimonian–Laird method). Cochrane's
Q test and I-squared (I2) were used to determine heterogeneity among included studies. To determine potential
sources of heterogeneity, subgroup analysis was conducted for pre-defined criteria.
Funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess publication bias.
Results
Seven RCTs with 306 participants were included. Mg supplementation significantly increased
FMD (MD: 2.97; 95% CI: 0.23 to 5.70%, p = 0.033). Between studies heterogeneity was high and subgroup analysis could not
identify the sources of heterogeneity. Magnesium supplementation had no significant
effect on CIMT (MD: −0.13 mm; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.01; p = 0.077) with high heterogeneity. Mg dose, duration of treatment, healthy status,
baseline CIMT and sample size were the potential sources of heterogeneity. Mg supplementation
could decrease CIMT to a greater extent in hemodialysis (HD) patients; lower doses
of Mg, higher sample size and follow up duration and subjects with higher baseline
CIMT also reduced the heterogeneity to some degree (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Magnesium supplementation may improve endothelial function without affecting carotid
intima media thickness.
Keywords
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: April 14, 2018
Accepted:
April 13,
2018
Received in revised form:
April 12,
2018
Received:
February 1,
2018
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
